Glossary

Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region

7 Glossary AI*1 Active ingredient (sometimes AS: active substance) BCA Biological Control Agent(s) (see section 1.1.1) Biocontrol Abridgment of ‘biological control’ Biopesticide Biological pesticide (see section 1.1.1) Biorational “Any type of pesticide active against pest populations, but relatively innocuous to non-target organisms, and, therefore, non-disruptive to biological control” (04) (68) Botanical Natural (unmodified) plant extracts (see section 2.4) BPH Brown plant-hopper of rice, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) Bt Bacillus thuringiensis CFU Colony Forming Unit (an estimate of viable bacterial or fungal cells) CMR Carcinogenicity, Mutagenicity, Reproductive toxicity DAT Day after transplanting DBM Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella GAP Good Agricultural Practice GLP Good Laboratory Practice IPM Integrated Pest Management (see section 1.2) IU International Unit: a standardised measure of dosage for Bt products MCA Microbial Control Agent(s) (see section 2.1) MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction (for identification of micro-organisms) SCLP Straight-chained lepidopteran pheromone sp. Species (plural spp.) Organisations, etc. APPPC Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations (http://www.asean.org/) - ABC ASEAN Biocontrol for Sustainable Agrifood Systems - AIFS: ASEAN Integrated Food Security Framework - AMS: ASEAN Member States - ASWGC ASEAN Sectoral Working Group on Crops BCPC British Crop Production Council CropLife CropLife International (http://www.croplife.org/) DOA Department (or appropriate, equivalent Ministry level) of Agriculture EU European Union EWG Expert Working Group FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (http://www.fao.org/) - IPPC International Plant Protection Convention 1 Formulation names (including AI) all conform to the CropLife two-letter convention, now adopted by FAO and other international organisations (see section 2.5)

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• Summary
• Contents
• Glossary
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Project history, terminology & stakeholders
• 1.1.1 Biological Control Agents (BCA): categories and terminology
• 1.1.2 Farmers and other stakeholders
• 1.2 Role of BCA in IPM
• 1.3 Sustainability: who will develop BCA products?
• 2 BCA profiles
• 2.1 Microbials
• 2.1.1 Bacteria
• 2.1.2 Fungi
• 2.1.3 Protozoa
• 2.1.4 Insect viruses and entomopathogenic nematodes
• 2.2 Macrobial agents
• 2.3 Semiochemicals
• 2.4 Natural (botanical and other) products
• 2.5 Formulations, quality control, and application techniques
• 2.5.1 Formulations of microbials
• 2.5.2 Quality control and labelling of BCA
• 2.5.3 Application techniques
• 3 Crops: Case studies
• 3.1 Rice
• 3.1.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.1.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in rice production
• 3.2 Vegetables
• 3.2.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.2.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in vegetable production
• 3.3 Fruits
• 3.3.1 Member States’ experiences, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database)
• 3.3.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in fruit production
• 4 Regulatory requirements
• 4.1 Towards a regulation for BCA in ASEAN
• 4.2 National frameworks
• 4.3 Harmonisation
• 4.4 The need for simplification
• 4.5 Post-registration issues and quality control
• 4.6 Trade of BCA products within ASEAN
• 5 Strategy for Improvement of Regulation and Use
• 5.1 Needs for the ASEAN Region
• 5.2 Availability
• 5.3 Reliability
• 5.4 User Knowledge
• 5.5 Perceptions of efficacy
• 5.6 The 4th plenary meeting of application and regulation experts: a way forward
• Appendix I Products
• Appendix II Data Requirements for Registration
• Appendix III Efficacy Test Protocols
• References

Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region
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