Net plot size: Use an optimum plot size (e.g. 15-20 m2); however this will depend on the type of crop/ pest and disease/product under study and location of trial. Highly mobile pests might require larger plot sizes for evaluation (e.g. 60-80 m2 or larger). Depending on type of the plants/cultivar used; mobility of the test organism, technique of application, type of formulation or application equipment; it may be necessary to take a larger plot size than net plot size or guard or buffer rows/strips are needed to take in to account pest dispersal and possible drift of pesticides. Replications: should be 4 per treatment (provided the error or residual degrees of freedom are at least 12). More replications are recommended, in particular, if one wants to account for an expected higher variability of the negative control plots which might show higher pest/disease pressures and crop damage. The method of application (e.g. spray, broadcast, soil application, etc.) will normally be specified on the Different botanical products show different modes of action and require different environmental conditions. Accordingly, there exist specific recommendations for application. A selection of examples is listed in the Annex of this protocol. The application equipment used should be a type in current use, properly calibrated to give intended application rate and droplet spectrum in case of sprays. It should provide an even distribution of product on the whole plot or accurate directional application where appropriate. Factors which may affect efficacy (such as operating pressure, nozzle type, spray volume, depth of incorporation in soil) should be recorded, together with any deviation in dosage of more than 10%. Other application techniques, different to spraying, will also need proper description. It is important to optimize volume application rates, especially when treating foliage. Precaution should be taken to avoid drift between plots, where relevant, by holding a screen around the The time and frequency of application will normally be specified on the (proposed) label/leaflet. The number of applications and the date of each application should be recorded. (Additional general information 72 For perennial trees: Net plot size: 2 trees/plot for big trees and 4 trees/plot for small trees. 2. APPLICATION OF TREATMENTS 2.1 Test Product(s) The product(s) under investigation should be the named formulated product(s). 2.2 Mode of Application All applications should comply with good experimental practices. 2.2.1 Method of Application (proposed) label/leaflet. 2.2.2 Type of Equipment Used plot being treated. 2.2.3 Time and Frequency of Application
Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region
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