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Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region

We especially thank our partners in Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam for their support in organising and hosting the meetings of the ASEAN Regional BCA Expert Working Groups on Regulation and Application in 2013 and 2014. We also thank all members of the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) of the project ‘ASEAN Sustainable Agrifood Systems (ASEAN Biocontrol)’ for their support in organising and conducting the meetings of the ASEAN Regional BCA Expert Working Groups on Regulation and Application. ASEAN Sustainable Agrifood Systems (Biocontrol) is a component of German Regional Cooperation with ASEAN under the umbrella of the ASEAN-German Programme on Response to Climate Change: Agriculture, Forestry and Related Sectors (GAP-CC). We are grateful to the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific in Bangkok, in particular, Dr. Piao Yongfan and Dr. Jan Willem Ketelaar for their support, technical advice, and sharing experiences. Large parts of the discussion on international regulation (OECD, etc.) and biocontrol markets were greatly facilitated through a strategic cooperation between German International Cooperation (GIZ) and the International Biocontrol Manufacturers’ Association (IBMA). We thank all the reviewers from the ASEAN Member States that provided comments and gave 2 Acknowledgements valuable advice.

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• Summary
• Contents
• Glossary
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Project history, terminology & stakeholders
• 1.1.1 Biological Control Agents (BCA): categories and terminology
• 1.1.2 Farmers and other stakeholders
• 1.2 Role of BCA in IPM
• 1.3 Sustainability: who will develop BCA products?
• 2 BCA profiles
• 2.1 Microbials
• 2.1.1 Bacteria
• 2.1.2 Fungi
• 2.1.3 Protozoa
• 2.1.4 Insect viruses and entomopathogenic nematodes
• 2.2 Macrobial agents
• 2.3 Semiochemicals
• 2.4 Natural (botanical and other) products
• 2.5 Formulations, quality control, and application techniques
• 2.5.1 Formulations of microbials
• 2.5.2 Quality control and labelling of BCA
• 2.5.3 Application techniques
• 3 Crops: Case studies
• 3.1 Rice
• 3.1.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.1.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in rice production
• 3.2 Vegetables
• 3.2.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.2.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in vegetable production
• 3.3 Fruits
• 3.3.1 Member States’ experiences, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database)
• 3.3.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in fruit production
• 4 Regulatory requirements
• 4.1 Towards a regulation for BCA in ASEAN
• 4.2 National frameworks
• 4.3 Harmonisation
• 4.4 The need for simplification
• 4.5 Post-registration issues and quality control
• 4.6 Trade of BCA products within ASEAN
• 5 Strategy for Improvement of Regulation and Use
• 5.1 Needs for the ASEAN Region
• 5.2 Availability
• 5.3 Reliability
• 5.4 User Knowledge
• 5.5 Perceptions of efficacy
• 5.6 The 4th plenary meeting of application and regulation experts: a way forward
• Appendix I Products
• Appendix II Data Requirements for Registration
• Appendix III Efficacy Test Protocols
• References

Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region
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