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Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region

66 • Lower efficacies could be acceptable as long as a potential product generates the (economic) benefits as claimed. D. Packaging and Labelling 16 Packaging process and storage information R 17 Labels and leaflets R Tier 2 Requirements E. Residue Data C Remarks: • Botanicals usually do not generate residues, because they rapidly degrade in the environment. • Plant extracts cannot be radio-labelled for tracing purposes (like synthetic pesticides can) • Check for residues only, if they could be suspected due to the nature of the plant extract. Certain thresholds (triggers) have been proposed (e.g. European legislation) and could be considered on a case-by-case basis. F. Human Health Exposure/Environmental Fate and Effects Data  If any results from tier 1 require further (tier 2) risk assessments C G. Additional Data Requirements C

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• Summary
• Contents
• Glossary
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Project history, terminology & stakeholders
• 1.1.1 Biological Control Agents (BCA): categories and terminology
• 1.1.2 Farmers and other stakeholders
• 1.2 Role of BCA in IPM
• 1.3 Sustainability: who will develop BCA products?
• 2 BCA profiles
• 2.1 Microbials
• 2.1.1 Bacteria
• 2.1.2 Fungi
• 2.1.3 Protozoa
• 2.1.4 Insect viruses and entomopathogenic nematodes
• 2.2 Macrobial agents
• 2.3 Semiochemicals
• 2.4 Natural (botanical and other) products
• 2.5 Formulations, quality control, and application techniques
• 2.5.1 Formulations of microbials
• 2.5.2 Quality control and labelling of BCA
• 2.5.3 Application techniques
• 3 Crops: Case studies
• 3.1 Rice
• 3.1.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.1.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in rice production
• 3.2 Vegetables
• 3.2.1 Member States’ experience, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database), and results from field trials
• 3.2.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in vegetable production
• 3.3 Fruits
• 3.3.1 Member States’ experiences, scientific evidence, market information (ABC database)
• 3.3.2 Conclusions: development of BCA in fruit production
• 4 Regulatory requirements
• 4.1 Towards a regulation for BCA in ASEAN
• 4.2 National frameworks
• 4.3 Harmonisation
• 4.4 The need for simplification
• 4.5 Post-registration issues and quality control
• 4.6 Trade of BCA products within ASEAN
• 5 Strategy for Improvement of Regulation and Use
• 5.1 Needs for the ASEAN Region
• 5.2 Availability
• 5.3 Reliability
• 5.4 User Knowledge
• 5.5 Perceptions of efficacy
• 5.6 The 4th plenary meeting of application and regulation experts: a way forward
• Appendix I Products
• Appendix II Data Requirements for Registration
• Appendix III Efficacy Test Protocols
• References

Implementing Biological Control Agents in the ASEAN Region
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